Ethernet :10/100 Mbps, RJ45, Auto MDI/MDIX

Protection: Built-in 1.5 KV magnetic isolation

Modbus data format: Modbus RTU/ASCII ,Modbus TCP/IP

Connector: RS-485 or RS-232

No. Of Ports: 1 port  RS-232 (DB9) or RS-485(Terminal)   The Modbus RS-485 or RS-232 port number can be extended.

Serial Line Protection: 15 KV ESD for all signals
Serial Communication Parameters
Parity None, Even, Odd, Space, Mark
Data Bits 7, 8
Stop Bits 1, 2
Flow Control RTS/CTS, XON/XOFF

Transmission Speed 50 bps to 250Kbps

Software Features
Operation Mode: RTU Slave, RTU Master, ASCII Slave, ASCII Master
Utilities: MGate Manager
Multi-Masters and: 16 simultaneous TCP masters, 32 simultaneous requests for each TCP

Housing: Metal case(8x5x2.5CM) 

Multi-Request: Master
Power Requirements
Power Input 7to 35VDC

Operating Temperature: 0 to 55C

Storage Temperature: -20 to 85C

Safety: EN 60950-1
EMC: CE, FCC
EMI: EN 55022 Class A, FCC Part 15 Subpart B Class A
EMS: EN 55024
Power Line Protection:
EN 61000-4-4(EFT) Level 2,
EN 61000-4-5(Surge) Level 3

RS-232/485/422 to Ethernet Converter

Specifications
LAN
Ethernet 10/100 Mbps, RJ45, Auto MDI/MDIX
Protection Built-in 1.5 KV magnetic isolation
Serial Interface

Interface RS-485/422

No. Of Ports 1 port

Connector Type dB9 (male)
Signals RS-232: TxD, RxD, RTS, CTS, DTR, DSR, DCD, GND

RS-422: Tx+, Tx-, Rx+, Rx-, GND

RS-485 (2-wire): Data+, Data-, GND

RS-485 (4-wire) Tx+, Tx-, Rx+, Rx-, GND

Serial Line Protection: 15 KV ESD for all signals
Serial Communication Parameters
Parity None, Even, Odd, Space, Mark
Data Bits 7, 8
Stop Bits 1, 2
Flow Control RTS/CTS, XON/XOFF

Transmission Speed 50 bps to 250Kbps

Software Features
Operation Mode: RTU Slave, RTU Master, ASCII Slave, ASCII Master
Utilities: MGate Manager
Multi-Masters and: 16 simultaneous TCP masters, 32 simultaneous requests for each TCP

Multi-Request: Master
Power Requirements
Power Input 7to 35VDC

Operating Temperature: 0 to 55 C

Storage Temperature: -20 to 85 C 

Safety: EN 60950-1
EMC: CE, FCC
EMI: EN 55022 Class A, FCC Part 15 Subpart B Class A
EMS: EN 55024
Power Line Protection:
EN 61000-4-4(EFT) Level 2,
EN 61000-4-5(Surge) Level 3

The Buenoptic SY series time output extenders is based on GPS signal.The SY series time output can extend the time output to maximum 200 output ports.It can support the following time output formats:

RS-232(DB9 Connector): In telecommunications,TIA 232 (formerly EIA-232 ,formerly EIA RS-232, the ‘RS’ meaning Recommended Standard) is a standard for serial binary data interconnection between a DTE (Data terminal equipment) and a DCE (Data communication equipment). It is commonly used in computer serial ports. This standard was originally used for specifying the connection between an electromechanical teletypewriter and a modem. When electronic terminals began to be used, they were often designed to be interchangeable with teletypes, and so supported RS-232. It is used for all sorts of remote communications, especially through modems, including computer to computer.

RS-485(Terminal): EIA-422 (formerly RS-422) is a serial data communication protocol that specifies 4 wire, full-duplex, differential line, multi-drop communications. It provides for balanced data transmission with unidirectional/non-reversible, terminated or non-terminated transmission lines. In contrast to RS485 (which is multi-point instead of multi-drop) EIA-422 does not allow multiple drivers but only multiple receivers.

IRIG-B(BNC or Terminal): The IRIG time codes, originally developed by the Inter-Range Instrumentation Group (IRIG), now used in government, military and commercial fields.  There are many formats and several modulation schemes, but they are typically amplitude modulated on an audio sine wave carrier.  The most common version is probably IRIG-B.

NTP/SNTP: Network Time Protocol provides a reliable way of transmitting and receiving time over TCP/IP networks and is useful for synchronizing the internal clock of computers to a common time source to millisecond accuracy.  Running as a continuous background client program on a computer, NTP send a periodic time request to servers, obtaining timing information from a Time Server and using them to adjust the client’s work.

TCP/IP: Transmission Control Protocol over Internet ProtocolProvides dependable communication and multiplexing. It is connection-oriented, meaning it requires a connection be established data transfer. It sits on top of the Internet Protocol (IP), which provides packet routing. This is connectionless, meaning each data packet has its source and destination data embedded, so it can bounce around a network and still get to its destination.

Fiber Optic: Time output extension can be through fiber optic cables(single mode-20km or multi mode-2km).The fiber optic connector on the extender can be ST,SC or FC.

The Time output extender's connector type is optional and port number can be customized according to your actual demands.

Atomic Clock
An atomic clock is an extremely accurate timekeeping device regulated by the natural regular oscillations of an atom or molecule. An atomic clock powered by a hydrogen atom (maser) is accurate to 1 part in 2 quadrillion. A cesium atom powered clock has an error of about one second in one million years. GPS satellites carry multiple atomic clocks, regulated by these precise atomic vibrations, to ensure accuracy. The GPS Master Control Station uses cesium clocks and a hydrogen master clock.

Atomic Oscillator

An oscillator that uses the quantified energy levels in atoms or molecules as the source of its resonance.

Backplane
A circuit board (usually a printed circuit board) that connects several connectors in parallel, forming a computer bus. It is used as a backbone to connect several printed circuit board cards together to make up a complete computer system. Backplanes are normally used in preference to cables because of their greater reliability. A backplane is generally differentiated from a motherboard by the lack of on-board processing power where the CPU is on a plug-in card.

Bandwidth
Bandwidth is the range of frequencies that a communication cable or channel can carry. It generally refers to the amount of data that can be carried by a specific cable or bus for computer.

BUS
In computer architecture, a bus is a subsystem that transfers data or power between computer components inside a computer or between computers. A bus logically connects several peripherals over the same set of wires. (Also, part of a chip or circuit board designed to send and receive data. The bus on a computer’s motherboard contains slots for expansion cards.)

Bus Level Products
Plug-in timing boards for various computing platforms

Bus Level Timing
Board level products may be used to time synchronize one or more computers precisely and/or provide very precise time to the host or a application program.

Bus Timing Instrumentation
Bus Level Timing boards provide time stamping and synchronization requirements. Synchronizes one or more computers to an external time standard to provide very accurate time stamps to application programs.  Bus level timing also can be used to store the time occurrence of external events.

Calibration

A comparison between a device under test and an established standard. The official time standard is known as UTC. This same standard is used to calibrate Frequency in hertz which is the inverse of seconds. When the calibration is finished it should be possible to state the estimated time offset and/or frequency offset of the device under test with respect to the standard, as well as the measurement uncertainty.

Card
A hardware expansion unit that is installed inside the case of a computer, into an expansion slot on the motherboard.

Cesium Clock
A clock containing a cesium standard as a frequency-determining element.

Cesium Frequency Standard
Cesium frequency standards work by placing Cesium atoms from a reservoir that’s heated to boil off some atoms from a small piece of cesium liquid metal. These atoms are processed in such a way that they become an atomic frequency standard.

Cesium Oscillator
Often used as a primary frequency standard since the SI second is defined from the resonance frequency of the cesium atom (133Cs), which is 9,192,631,770 Hz. A properly working cesium oscillator should be close to its nominal frequency without adjustment, and there should be no change in frequency due to aging. Environmental conditions (motion, vibration, magnetic fields, and so on) do cause small frequency shifts.

Channel
A channel of a GPS receiver consists of the circuitry necessary to receive the signal from a single GPS satellite.

Coaxial Cable
A type of cable that is commonly used due to its insensitivity to noise interference. Coaxial cable is often used in Ethernet networks; both thick (10Base5) and thin (10Base2). Ethernet cables are coaxial.

Code Phase GPS
GPS measurements based on the pseudo random code (C/A or P) as opposed to the carrier of that code.

Compact PCI
PCI bus technology implemented on a Eurocard. Eurocards provide more rugged packaging and a more secure plug and socket for embedded systems than the standard PCI card used in desktop computers. Compact PCI may support hot swap and provides higher performance (32-bit, 33MHz).

Crystal Oscillator
An oscillator that produces electrical oscillations at a frequency determined by the physical characteristics of a piezoelectric quartz crystal.

cPCI
Compact Peripheral Component Interconnect - a bus standard

Cs
Atomic representation for cesium

Daisy Chain
A method of connecting devices on a bus. On a daisy chained bus, devices not requesting a signal respond to it by passing it on. The daisy chain scheme permits assignment of device priorities based on the electrical position of the device on the bus.

Decibel (dB)
A measure of the ratio between two quantities, and can be used to express a wide variety of measurements in acoustics and electronics. The decibel is a “dimensionless unit” like percent. Widely used as a measure of the loudness of sound.

Disciplined Oscillator
An oscillator with a servo loop that has its phase and frequency locked to an external reference signal.

DoD or DOD
Abbreviation for The United States Department of Defense, sometimes called the Defense Department. A civilian Cabinet organization of the United States government. The Department of Defense controls the U.S. military and is headquartered at The Pentagon. It is headed by the Secretary of Defense.

EEPROM
Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory is a type of ROM that can be erased electronically and reprogrammed in-circuit (or with a device programmer). . From the programmer’s perspective, EEPROM is very similar to flash memory. The biggest difference is that the bytes (words) of an EEPROM can be erased.

Embedded System
A combination of computer hardware and software, and perhaps additional mechanical or other parts, designed to perform a dedicated function. In some cases, embedded systems are part of a larger system or product.

Ethernet
A data transport standard for Local Area Networks (LANs). All hosts are connected to a coaxial cable where they contend for network access using a Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) paradigm.

Fiber Optic Distribution
A technology that uses glass (or plastic) threads (fibers) to transmit data. A fiber optic cable consists of a bundle of glass threads, each of which is capable of transmitting messages modulated onto light waves.

Frequency
Frequency is the measurement of the number of times that a repeated event occurs per unit time. To calculate the frequency, one fixes a time interval, counts the number of occurrences of the event within that interval, and then divides this count by the length of the time interval. In SI units, the result is measured in hertz (Hz) after the German physicist, Heinrich Rudolf Hertz. 1 Hz means that an event repeats once per second. Other units that have been used to measure frequency include: cycles per second, revolutions per minute (rpm). Heart rate is measured in beats per minute.

Frequency and Time Standards
A radio communication service for scientific, technical and other purposes, providing the transmission of specified frequencies, time signals, or both, of stated high precision, intended for general reception.

Frequency Spectrum
The distribution of signal amplitudes as a function of frequency.

Frequency Standard
A stable oscillator used for frequency calibration or reference. (188) Note 1: A frequency standard generates a fundamental frequency with a high degree of accuracy and precision. Harmonics of this fundamental frequency are used to provide reference points. Note 2: Frequency standards in a network or facility are sometimes administratively designated as “primary” or “secondary.”

GPS (Global Positioning System)
The Global Positioning System, usually called GPS (the US military refers to it as NAVSTAR GPS), is a satellite navigation system used for determining one’s precise location and providing a highly accurate time reference almost anywhere on Earth or in Earth orbit. It uses an intermediate circular orbit (ICO) satellite constellation of at least 24 satellites. The GPS system was designed by and is controlled by the United States Department of Defense and can be used by anyone, free of charge. The satellites orbit the earth at approximately 12,000 miles above the surface and make two complete orbits every 24 hours. The GPS satellites continuously transmit digital radio signals that contain data on the satellites location and the exact time to the earth-bound receivers. The satellites are equipped with atomic clocks that are precise to within a billionth of a second. By knowing how far away a satellite is, the receiver knows that it is located somewhere on the surface of an imaginary sphere centered at the satellite. By using three satellites, GPS can calculate the longitude and latitude of the receiver based on where the three spheres intersect. By using four satellites, GPS can also determine altitude.

IEEE
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, an international organization that sets standards for electrical and computer engineering. It has the most members of any technical professional organization in the world, with more than 360,000 members in around 175 countries.

IEEE-1588 IEEE-1588 is the industry standard for synchronization delivery over packet networks required within the telecommunications industry. To read more about this standard, see this news release or look at our PTP (Precise Time Protocol) products.

Interface
Part of a computer, program, or peripheral that communicates with other components. Interface also refers to the user interface.

Interrupt
This is a signal on which the processor stops execution of the current command sequence and transfers control to the program-handler of the interrupt. The program-handler address is calculated by the interrupt vector table. An interrupt may be initialized either by user programs, while working with disks, screen, printer etc (program interrupts), or by hardware: keyboard, timer (hardware interrupts).

Interrupt Latency
The amount of time between the assertion of an interrupt signal and the start of the associated interrupt service routine.

Interrupt Request
On IBM, PC and compatible computers, hardware lines for devices send interrupts. Typically each device connected to the computer uses a separate IRQ. Expansion cards such as Ethernet cards or token ring adaptors also use IRQs. Setting the IRQ so that it does not conflict with other devices is an essential part of installing expansion cards and new devices.

I/O (Input/Output)
The interface between a processor and the world around it. The simplest examples are switches (inputs) and LEDs (outputs).

IRIG
IRIG is a serial time format standard.

IRIG Time Codes

The IRIG time codes, originally developed by the Inter-Range Instrumentation Group (IRIG), now used in government, military and commercial fields.  There are many formats and several modulation schemes, but they are typically amplitude modulated on an audio sine wave carrier.  The most common version is probably IRIG-B.

IRIG B
Sends day of year, hour, minute, and second data on a 1 kHz carrier frequency, with an update rate of once per second (1PPS).

ISA
(Industry Standard Architecture) An expansion bus commonly used in earlier PCs that accepted plug-in boards for sound, video display and other peripheral connectivity. Originally called the “AT bus,” introduced with the IBM PC AT in 1984, the AT/ISA bus extended the PC bus from 8 to 16 bits.

LAN (Local Area Network)
A group of personal computers linked together in order to share programs, data, and peripherals.

LED (Light Emitting Diode)
Used for display in some electronic devices.

Low Phase Noise
The ratio of the power density of one phase modulation sideband to the total signal. It is usually specified as the single side band (SSB) power density in a 1Hz bandwidth at a specified offset frequency from the carrier. It is measured in dBc/Hz. The best short- and long-term stability can be obtained only if the frequency synthesis does not introduce noise that masks the atomic noise limit. In the best standards, the signal used for atomic interrogation must have exceptionally clean spectral purity.

Master Clock
A generator which generates an accurate frequency signal for the control of other generators; Also known as a PRC

MIL-STD-188-164A

The MIL-STD-188 standards were created to address telecommunication design parameters based on proven technologies. To ensure interoperability, DISA made these standards mandatory for use in all new DoD systems and equipment, or major upgrades.  MIL-STD-188-164A states:

“Interoperability of SHF Satellite Communications Earth Terminals”, establishes interoperability and performance requirements for SATCOM earth terminals (ETs) operating with satellite transponders in the C-band, X-band, Ku-band, and commercial and military Ka-bands. The MIL-STD’s content and configuration is controlled by the Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA). The MIL-STD defines the requirements for ET certification, which is administered by the Department of Defense (DOD) for all ETs developed for use by U.S. forces over X-band and military Ka-band."

To find out more about this click here for the link to the Military Satellite Transmission

Motherboard
The main circuit board, containing the CPU. All other functions and peripherals are connected in some way to the motherboard.

Multi-Channel Receiver
A GPS receiver that can simultaneously track more than one satellite signal

Nanosecond
One-billionth of a second

Network Synchronization
A generic concept that depicts the way of distributing a common time and/or frequency to all elements in a network.

NIST
National Institute of Standards and Technology, the National Measurement Institute in the United States. The institute’s mission is to develop and promote measurement, standards, and technology to enhance productivity, facilitate trade, and improve the quality of life. NIST is directly involved in standards development and testing done by the private sector and government agencies. U.S. technological innovation and progress depend on NIST’s unique skills and capabilities, especially in four key areas: biotechnology, nanotechnology, information technology and advanced manufacturing.

NTP – Network Time Protocol
Network Time Protocol provides a reliable way of transmitting and receiving time over TCP/IP networks and is useful for synchronizing the internal clock of computers to a common time source to millisecond accuracy.  Running as a continuous background client program on a computer, NTP send a periodic time request to servers, obtaining timing information from a Time Server and using them to adjust the client’s work.

OCXO

Oven-controlled X-tal (crystal) Oscillator is used for holdover of time and frequency.  The Quartz Oscillator is housed in an “oven”, an insulated package with a heating element and temperature sensor, to improve accuracy as one of the largest contributors to frequency drift of quartz oscillators is due to temperature changes.

Operating System
In computing, the system software responsible for the direct control and management of hardware and basic system operations. Additionally, it provides a foundation upon which to run application software such as word processing programs and web browsers.An operating system typically consists of a set of system calls and a periodic clock tick ISR. The operating system is responsible for deciding which task should be using the processor at any given time and for controlling access to shared resources. There are a number of different operating systems, which have different design philosophies, provide different facilities, and have different looks and feels. Among popular operating systems are MacOS, MS-DOS, the various incarnations of Windows, Unix in its various flavors, OS/2, etc. See also real-time operating system.

Oscillator
An electronic circuit that produces an output signal of a specific frequency. An oscillator generally consists of an amplifier having part of its output returned to the input by means of a feedback loop; the necessary and sufficient condition for oscillation is that the signal, in passing from input to output and back to input via the feedback loop, arrive at the input with no change in amplitude or phase. If this condition is met for only a single frequency, the output is a pure sine wave; if it is met for more than one frequency, the output is a complex wave. Some oscillators are designed to operate under certain conditions so that the output is a square wave, a triangular wave, or a pulse.

Oscillator Crystal
A timing device that consists of a crystal and an oscillator circuit, providing an output waveform at a specified reference frequency.

PCI
Peripheral Component Interconnect, a local bus that supports high-speed connection with peripherals. It plugs into a PCI slot on the motherboard. The Peripheral Component Interconnect standard (in practice almost always shortened to PCI) specifies a computer bus for attaching peripheral devices to a computer motherboard. These devices can take the form of integrated circuits fitted on the motherboard itself (called planar devices in the PCI specification), or expansion cards that fit in sockets. The PCI bus occurs commonly in PCs, where it has displaced ISA and VESA Local Bus as the standard expansion bus, but it also appears in many other computer types. The bus will eventually be succeeded by PCI Express and other technologies, which have already started to appear in new computers.The PCI specification covers the physical size of the bus (including wire spacing), electrical characteristics, bus timing and protocols.

PCI Bus
The PCI Local Bus is a high performance bus for interconnecting chips, expansion boards, and processor/memory subsystems. A high-speed bus for 486, Pentium and compatible systems. PCI stands for Peripheral Component Interconnect. Peripheral Component Interconnect is common to newer Macintosh and Pentium machines. This bus features faster bus throughput, as well as hardware compatibility across computer platforms, so a card could be used on both a PCI Mac and a PCI Pentium machine, though different software drivers would be needed. pci bus specification PCI is a synchronous bus architecture with all data transfers being performed relative to a system clock (CLK). The initial PCI specification permitted a maximum clock rate of 33 MHz allowing one bus transfer to be performed every 30 nanoseconds. Later, Revision 2.1 of the PCI specification extended the bus definition to support operation at 66 MHz, but the vast majority of today’s personal computers continue to implement a PCI bus that runs at a maximum speed of 33 MHz. The current PCI specification is 2.3. The specification can be purchased from the PCI Special Interest Group (PCISIG).

PCI Card
A card designed per the PCI specification. PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) is an interconnection system between a microprocessor and attached devices in which expansion slots are spaced closely for high-speed operation.

PCI Express
A high-speed peripheral interconnect from Intel introduced in 2002. Note that although sometimes abbreviated “PCX,” PCI Express is not the same as “PCI-X”. As a result of the confusion, “PCI-E” is the accepted abbreviation. PCI Express was designed to match the higher speeds of today’s CPUs, accommodating Gigabit and 10 Gigabit Ethernet and even support chip-to-chip transfers. PCI Express provides a high-speed, switched architecture. Each PCI Express link is a serial communications channel made up of two differential wire pairs that provide 2.5 Gbits/sec in each direction. Up to 32 of these “lanes” may be combined in x2, x4, x8, x16 and x32 configurations, creating a parallel interface of independently controlled serial links. The bandwidth of the switch backplane determines the total capacity of a PCI Express implementation.

Phase-Locked Loop (PLL)
An electronic circuit that controls an oscillator so that it maintains a constant phase angle (i.e., lock) on the frequency of an input, or reference, signal. A PLL ensures that a communication signal is locked on a specific frequency and can also be used to generate, modulate and demodulate a signal and divide a frequency.

PMC
PCI Mezzanine Card.

PPS
Precise Positioning Service (PPS), is the most accurate positioning, velocity, and timing information continuously available, worldwide, from the basic GPS. This service is limited to authorized U.S. and allied Federal Governments; authorized foreign and military users; and eligible civil users.

Precision Frequency
Frequency assigned for usual use on a particular circuit. The first-choice frequency that is assigned to a fixed or mobile station for radiotelephone communications.

Precise Time
A time mark that is accurately known with respect to an accepted reference time standard.

Primary Reference Source
Equipment that provides the highest quality sync for telecom networking as required by international standards. Typically derive source timing from GPS or CDMA signals or from stand-alone sources such as cesium.

Precision Time Protocol (PTP)
The protocol defined by the IEEE 1588 standard.

IEEE 1588
IEEE 1588 is a standard published by the IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Society (Std IEEE 1588-2002). Per the standard it is a protocol to synchronize independent clocks running on separate nodes of a distributed measurement and control system where a high degree of accuracy and precision is specified. The protocol is independent of the networking technology, and the system topology is self-configuring.

P(Y) Code
See P-code

P-code
The Precise code. A very long sequence of pseudo random binary biphase modulations on the GPS carrier at a chip rate of 10.23 MHz which repeats about every 267 days. Each one week segment of this code is unique to one GPS satellite and is reset each week.

Quartz Crystal Oscillators
A timing device that consists of a crystal and an oscillator circuit, providing an output waveform at a specified reference frequency

Real-Time Clock
The CMOS circuitry that keeps track of the year, day and time of day for the system. Abbreviated RTC

Real-Time System
Any computer system, embedded or otherwise, that has timeliness requirements.

RF Distribution
Delivering a centralized reference signal to a number of different equipment stations without degrading the signal or creating crosstalk.

RS232
In telecommunications,TIA 232 (formerly EIA-232 ,formerly EIA RS-232, the ‘RS’ meaning Recommended Standard) is a standard for serial binary data interconnection between a DTE (Data terminal equipment) and a DCE (Data communication equipment). It is commonly used in computer serial ports. This standard was originally used for specifying the connection between an electromechanical teletypewriter and a modem. When electronic terminals began to be used, they were often designed to be interchangeable with teletypes, and so supported RS-232. It is used for all sorts of remote communications, especially through modems, including computer to computer.

RS422
EIA-422 (formerly RS-422) is a serial data communication protocol that specifies 4 wire, full-duplex, differential line, multi-drop communications. It provides for balanced data transmission with unidirectional/non-reversible, terminated or non-terminated transmission lines. In contrast to RS485 (which is multi-point instead of multi-drop) EIA-422 does not allow multiple drivers but only multiple receivers.

RS485
EIA-485 (formerly RS-485 or RS485) is an OSI Model physical layer electrical specification of a two-wire, half-duplex, multipoint serial connection. The standard specifies a differential form of signalling. The difference between the wires’ voltages is what conveys the data. One polarity of voltage indicates a logic 1 level, the reverse polarity indicates logic 0. The difference of potential must be at least 0.2 volts for valid operation, but any applied voltages between +12 V and 7 volts will allow correct operation of the receiver. EIA-485 only specifies electrical characteristics of the driver and the receiver. It does not specify or recommend any data protocol.

Rubidium
Soft silvery metallic element of the alkali metal group; burns in air and reacts violently in water; occurs in carnallite and lepidolite and pollucite.

Rubidium Frequency Standard
A frequency standard in which a specified hyperfine transition of electrons in rubidium-87 atoms is used to control the output frequency. Note: A rubidium standard consists of a gas cell, which has an inherent long-term instability. This instability relegates the rubidium standard to its status as a secondary standard.

Rubidium Oscillator

The lowest priced members of the Atomic Oscillator family, rubidium oscillators operate at 6,834,682,608 Hz, the resonant frequency of the rubidium atom (87Rb), and use this rubidium frequency to control the frequency of a quartz oscillator so it is much more accurate.

SAASM
Selective Availability Anti-Spoofing Module-  This module was chosen by the US Joint Chiefs as the security architecture of GPS devices.  It is required for any US military GPS use. To find out more see Brandywine's PTS-SAASM

Serial Port
A computer input/output port that transmits data sequentially, one bit at a time. The serial ports on the back of the computer are the DB-9 and DB-25 male connections. (DB connectors are the ‘D-shaped’ ports). Serial ports are used for modems, mice, certain printers and communication devices.

Serial Time Code
Uniquely coded digital serial stream of data (usually in a pulse code modulation form) representing time of year, time of day or countdown time.

Simple Network Management Protocol

A TCP/IP-based protocol network management protocol that is used to monitor networks and devices.  Also can be used for exchanging network management information and outlining the structure for communications among network devices.

Simple Network Time Protocol

A subset of the Network Time Protocol, SNTP simplifies the access strategy for servers and clients using NTP, SNTP, can operate in unicast (point to point), multicast (point to multi-point) or anycast (multi-point to multi-point) modes. SNTP can be used when the ultimate performance of the full NTP implementation is not necessary.

Source Code
A program in the form of an ASCII text file. Programs as they are written in a programming language, such as C and Pascal. In order to run the program, source code must be translated into machine code by either an interpreter or a compiler.

Stratum Level
Standards set by Network Time Protocol RFC 1305. The highest level are Stratum 0 devices such as GPS, which get their time from a primary time source such as a national atomic clock. Stratum 1 servers, such as TymServe, source their time from a Stratum 0 device. Stratum 2 and beyond obtain their time from Stratum 1 servers. The further away a network is from a primary source, the greater the chance of signal degradations due to variations in communications lines and other factors.

Synchronization

The process of setting two or more clocks to the same time

TCP/IP
Transmission Control Protocol over Internet ProtocolProvides dependable communication and multiplexing. It is connection-oriented, meaning it requires a connection be established data transfer. It sits on top of the Internet Protocol (IP), which provides packet routing. This is connectionless, meaning each data packet has its source and destination data embedded, so it can bounce around a network and still get to its destination.

Time Code
A code (usually digital) that contains enough information to synchronize a clock to the correct time-of-day. NIST time codes can be obtained from the WWV, WWVH, WWVB, GOES, ACTS, and Internet Time Services.

Time Stamp
A record mathematically linking a document to a time and date.

Time Standards
A time standard is a specification of either the rate at which time passes, or points in time, or both. For example, the standard for civil time specifies both standard time intervals and time-of-day.

 USB
Universal Serial Bus, a port that allows the hot-plugging of multiple external plug-and-play devices. A Universal Serial Bus is an external bus with a maximum transfer speed of 12 megabits per second. It’s hot-swappable, which means that a device can be connected or disconnected while the computer is running. The Operating System can recognizes and uses the device as soon as its plugged in. Up to 127 devices can be daisy-chained together.

UTC

UTC (known in English-language speaking countries as Coordinated Universal Time) is the international standard for time.  UTC time is based on atomic clocks and is linked to the solar-day by an automatic adjustment of leap second whenever the two are out of sync by one second.

ViiP
Video over IP. Similar to Voice over IP but typically at higher and constant bit rates (CBR).

VME
Versa Module Europe; VMEbus specification governed by the VSO.

VMEbus
(Versa Module Europa) is a fast, flexible, open-ended bus system that uses the Eurocard standard. VME bus supports a variety of computing tasks in industrial applications. It is defined by the IEEE 1014-1987 standard. VMEbus supports many specialized applications and industries, including: industrial controls, military, aerospace, telecommunications, medical, etc.

VoIP
Voice over IP. A set of facilities for managing the delivery of voice information over a packet-switched network.

VXI (VME eXtensions for Instrumentation)
A peripheral bus based on VME specialized for data acquisition and realtime control systems. Introduced in 1987, VXI uses all Eurocard form factors and adds trigger lines, a local bus and other functions suited for measurement applications.

Bueno Electric,as a manufacturer of various fieldbus/ethernet/serial to fiber optic converters,in recent years is engaged in both products markting and fiber optic converter products' knowledge propaganda,which helps customers know better about the application of fiber optic converter products.

Currently,the fiber optic converter products mainly include 3 link ways:

• Point to point:

In telecommunications, a point-to-point connection refers to a communications connection between two nodes or endpoints. An example is a telephone call, in which one telephone is connected with one other, and what is said by one caller can only be heard by the other. This is contrasted with a point-to-multipoint or broadcast communication topology, in which many nodes can receive information transmitted by one node. Other examples of point-to-point communications links are leased lines, microwave relay links, and two way radio. Examples of point-to-multipoint communications systems are radio and television broadcasting.The term is also used in computer networking and computer architecture to refer to a wire or other connection that links only two computers or circuits, as opposed to other network topologies such as buses or crossbar switches which can connect many communications devices.

• Multi-drio Bus(MDB,Multi-point or Line):

A multidrop bus (MDB) is a computer bus in which all components are connected to the same set of electrical wires. A process of arbitration determines which device gets the right to be the sender of information at any point in time. The other devices must listen for the data that is intended to be received by them.

Multidrop buses have the advantage of simplicity and extensibility, but electronically are limited to around 200–400 MHz (because of reflections on the wire from the printed circuit board (PCB) onto the die) and 10–20 cm distance (SCSI-1 has 6 metres). ODT (On-die termination) circuits in modern SDRAM chips are examples of facing such a problem of electrical impedance discontinuity. Fully Buffered DIMM is a totally different approach of not using the multidrop bus architecture to connect multiple DRAM modules to a memory controller. Multidrop standards such as PCI are therefore being replaced by point-to-point systems such as PCI Express.

Multidrop buses are also used by vending machine controllers to communicate with the vending machine's components, such as a currency detector (coin or note reader). Not surprisingly, these MDB buses communicate with the MDB protocol, a 8-bit serial protocol with an additional mode bit. The mode bit differentiates between ADDRESS and DATA bytes.

• Redundant Ring(In USA,aslo called Dual Self-healing ring SHR,or DSHR):

A self-healing ring, or SHR, is a telecommunications term for loop network topology, a common configuration in telecommunications transmission systems. Like roadway and water distribution systems, a loop or ring is used to provide redundancy. SDH, SONET and WDM systems are often configured in self-healing rings.

The system consists of a ring of bidirectional links between a set of stations, typically using optical fiber communications. In normal use, traffic is dispatched in the direction of the shortest path towards its destination. In the event of the loss of a link, or of an entire station, the two nearest surviving stations "loop back" their ends of the ring. In this way, traffic can still travel to all surviving parts of the ring, even if it has to travel "the long way round".

A second break in the ring may divide it into two sub-rings, but in such a case each sub-ring will remain functional.

Advantages:Self-healing rings offer high levels of resilience at low cost, since it is often geographically easy to take multiple paths across the landscape and link them up into a ring with very little extra fibre length.

Recent submarine communications cables are typically built in pairs, to function as a self-healing ring.

Very high resilience systems are typically built on interconnected meshes of self-healing rings.

Another example of a self-healing ring network technology is the FDDI local-area network.

Resilient Packet Ring is a new technology for packet-switched self-healing ring networks.

These types of rings mainly used for saving high rate traffic flowing in Telecom networks.

See also

• Redundancy (engineering)

Picture Diagrams for the 3 link ways:

IEEE 802 refers to a family of IEEE standards dealing with local area networks and metropolitan area networks.

More specifically, the IEEE 802 standards are restricted to networks carrying variable-size packets. (By contrast, in cell relay networks data is transmitted in short, uniformly sized units called cells. Isochronous networks, where data is transmitted as a steady stream of octets, or groups of octets, at regular time intervals, are also out of the scope of this standard.) The number 802 was simply the next free number IEEE could assign,though “802” is sometimes associated with the date the first meeting was held — February 1980.

The services and protocols specified in IEEE 802 map to the lower two layers (Data Link and Physical) of the seven-layer OSI networking reference model. In fact, IEEE 802 splits the OSI Data Link Layer into two sub-layers named Logical Link Control (LLC) and Media Access Control (MAC), so that the layers can be listed like this:

• Data link layer
  LLC Sublayer
  MAC Sublayer
  Physical layer

The IEEE 802 family of standards is maintained by the IEEE 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee (LMSC). The most widely used standards are for the Ethernet family, Token Ring, Wireless LAN, Bridging and Virtual Bridged LANs. An individual Working Group provides the focus for each area.

• Working groups Name Description Note
  IEEE 802.1  Bridging (networking) and Network Management  
  IEEE 802.2  LLC inactive
  IEEE 802.3  Ethernet 
  IEEE 802.4  Token bus disbanded
  IEEE 802.5  Defines the MAC layer for a Token Ring inactive
  IEEE 802.6  MANs (DQDB) disbanded
  IEEE 802.7  Broadband LAN using Coaxial Cable disbanded
  IEEE 802.8  Fiber Optic TAG disbanded
  IEEE 802.9  Integrated Services LAN (ISLAN or isoEthernet) disbanded
  IEEE 802.10  Interoperable LAN Security disbanded
  IEEE 802.11  a/b/g/n Wireless LAN (WLAN) & Mesh (Wi-Fi certification)  
  IEEE 802.12  100BaseVG disbanded
  IEEE 802.13  Unused[2] 
  IEEE 802.14  Cable modems disbanded
  IEEE 802.15  Wireless PAN 
  IEEE 802.15.1  Bluetooth certification  
  IEEE 802.15.2  IEEE 802.15 and IEEE 802.11 coexistence  
  IEEE 802.15.3  High-Rate wireless PAN 
  IEEE 802.15.4  Low-Rate wireless PAN (e.g., ZigBee, WirelessHART, MiWi, etc.)  
  IEEE 802.15.5  Mesh networking for WPAN  
  IEEE 802.15.6  Body area network 
  IEEE 802.16  Broadband Wireless Access (WiMAX certification)  
  IEEE 802.16.1  Local Multipoint Distribution Service 
  IEEE 802.17  Resilient packet ring  
  IEEE 802.18  Radio Regulatory TAG  
  IEEE 802.19  Coexistence TAG  
  IEEE 802.20  Mobile Broadband Wireless Access  
  IEEE 802.21  Media Independent Handoff  
  IEEE 802.22  Wireless Regional Area Network  
  IEEE 802.23  Emergency Services Working Group  
  IEEE 802.24  Smart Grid TAG New (November, 2012)
  IEEE 802.25  Omni-Range Area Network Not yet ratified

IEC 61850 is a standard for the design of electrical substation automation. IEC 61850 is a part of the International Electrotechnical Commission's (IEC) Technical Committee 57 (TC57) reference architecture for electric power systems. The abstract data models defined in IEC 61850 can be mapped to a number of protocols. Current mappings in the standard are to MMS (Manufacturing Message Specification), GOOSE, SMV,and soon to Web Services. These protocols can run over TCP/IP networks or substation LANs using high speed switched Ethernet to obtain the necessary response times below four milliseconds for protective relaying.

Standard Documents

IEC 61850 consists of the following parts detailed in separate IEC 61850 standard documents

• IEC 61850-1: Introduction and overview
• IEC 61850-2: Glossary
• IEC 61850-3: General requirements
• IEC 61850-4: System and project management - Ed.2
• IEC 61850-5: Communication requirements for functions and device models
• IEC 61850-6: Configuration language for communication in electrical substations related to IEDs - Ed.2
• IEC 61850-7: Basic communication structure for substation and feeder equipment
  • IEC 61850-7-1: Principles and models - Ed.2
  • IEC 61850-7-2: Abstract communication service interface (ACSI) - Ed.2
  • IEC 61850-7-3: Common Data Classes - Ed.2
  • IEC 61850-7-4: Compatible logical node classes and data classes - Ed.2
  • IEC 61850-7-10: Communication networks and systems in power utility automation - Requirements for web-based and structured access to the IEC 61850 information models [Approved new work]
• IEC 61850-8: Specific communication service mapping (SCSM)
  • IEC 61850-8-1: Mappings to MMS (ISO/IEC9506-1 and ISO/IEC 9506-2) - Ed.2
• IEC 61850-9: Specific communication service mapping (SCSM)
  • IEC 61850-9-1: Sampled values over serial unidirectional multidrop point to point link
  • IEC 61850-9-2: Sampled values over ISO/IEC 8802-3 - Ed.2
• IEC 61850-10-: Conformance testing

History

Multiple protocols exist for substation automation, which include many proprietary protocols with custom communication links. Interoperation of devices from different vendors would be an advantage to users of substation automation devices. An IEC project group of about 60 members from different countries worked in three IEC working groups from 1995. They responded to all the concerns and objectives and created IEC 61850. The objectives set for the standard were:

1. A single protocol for complete substation considering modelling of different data required for substation.
2. Definition of basic services required to transfer data so that the entire mapping to communication protocol can be made future proof.
3. Promotion of high interoperability between systems from different vendors.
4. A common method/format for storing complete data.
5. Define complete testing required for the equipments which conforms to the standard.

Features

IEC 61850 features include:

1. Data Modeling — Primary process objects as well as protection and control functionality in the substation is modelled into different standard logical nodes which can be grouped under different logical devices. There are logical nodes for data/functions related to the logical device (LLN0) and physical device (LPHD).
2. Reporting Schemes — There are various reporting schemes (BRCB & URCB) for reporting data from server through a server-client relationship which can be triggered based on pre-defined trigger conditions.
3. Fast Transfer of events — Generic Substation Events (GSE) are defined for fast transfer of event data for a peer-to-peer communication mode. This is again subdivided into GOOSE & GSSE.
4. Setting Groups — The setting group control Blocks (SGCB) are defined to handle the setting groups so that user can switch to any active group according to the requirement.
5. Sampled Data Transfer — Schemes are also defined to handle transfer of sampled values using Sampled Value Control blocks (SVCB)
6. Commands — Various command types are also supported by IEC 61850 which include direct & select before operate (SBO) commands with normal and enhanced securities.
7. Data Storage — Substation Configuration Language (SCL) is defined for complete storage of configured data of the substation in a specific format.

Related standards

• IEC 61850-7-410 — Hydroelectric Power Plants - Communication for monitoring and control. [Published]
• IEC 61850-7-420 — Communications systems for Distributed Energy Resources (DER) - Logical nodes [Published]
• IEC 61850-7-500 — Use of logical nodes to model functions of a substation Automation system. [Approved New Work]
• IEC 61850-7-510 — Use of logical nodes to model functions of a Hydro Power Plant. [Approved New Work]
• IEC 61850-90-1 — Use of IEC 61850 for the communication between substations [Published]
• IEC 61850-90-2 — Use of IEC 61850 for the communication between control centres and substations [Approved New Work]
• IEC 61850-90-3 — Using IEC 61850 for Condition Monitoring [Approved New Work]
• IEC 61850-90-4 — IEC 61850 - Network Engineering Guidelines [Approved New Work]
• IEC 61850-90-5 — Use of IEC 61850 to transmit synchrophasor information according to IEEE C37.118 [Approved New Work]
• IEC 61850-90-6 — Use of IEC 61850 for Distribution Feeder Automation System [Approved New Work]
• IEC 61850-90-7 — Object Models for Photovoltaic,Storage and other DER inverters [Approved New Work]
• IEC 61850-90-8 — Object Models for Electrical Transportation (E-Mobility [Approved New Work]
• IEC 61850-90-9 — Object Models for Batteries [Approved New Work]
• IEC 61850-90-10 — Object Models for Scheduling [Approved New Work]
• IEC 61850-80-1 — Guideline to exchanging information from a CDC-based data model using IEC 60870-5-101 or IEC 60870-5-104 [Published]
• IEC 61400-25 — IEC 61850 Adaptation for Wind Turbines
  • IEC 61400-25-1 — Wind turbines - Part 25-1: Communications for monitoring and control of wind power plants - Overall description of principles and models
  • IEC 61400-25-2 — Wind turbines - Part 25-2: Communications for monitoring and control of wind power plants - Information models [Published]
  • IEC 61400-25-3 — Wind turbines - Part 25-3: Communications for monitoring and control of wind power plants - Information exchange models [Published]
  • IEC 61400-25-4 — Wind turbines - Part 25-4: Communications for monitoring and control of wind power plants - Mapping to communication profile
    • Mapping to SOAP-based web services [Work under progress]
    • Mapping to MMS [Refer to IEC 61850-8-1 (published)]
    • Mapping to OPC XML DA [Work under progress]
    • Mapping to IEC 60870-5-104 [Refer to IEC 62445-3 (Work under progress)]
    • Mapping to DNP3 [Work under progress]
  • IEC 61400-25-5 — Wind turbines - Part 25-5: Communications for monitoring and control of wind power plants - Conformance testing [Published]
  • IEC 61400-25-6 — Wind Turbines - Part 25-6: Communications for monitoring and control of wind power plants - Logical node classes and data classes for condition monitoring [Work under progress]
• IEC 62271-3 — Communications for monitoring and control of high-voltage switchgear (published)

CAN to RS-232 Adaptor,TTL Transparent Transmission(BUE-CAN-ST)

Description:

RS-232 in DB9 female, CANBUS DB9 with Binding post
Baud rate:300BPS-115.2KBPS
Size：63mmX33mmX17mm
Environment：-40-85℃，Relative humidity:5-95%
Distance:>1.2Km for CANBUS; 5m for RS232

Product Feature:

No protocol conversion,no software,transparent transmission.Can be used for testing and some other not demanding sites.

CAN to TCP/IP Converter(CANET-II 2 Port CANbus Data)

Our 2 port CAN Bus to Ethernet(TCP/IP)  gateway is  an intelligent  CAN bus communication  interface  that  is compatible  with  TCP/IP protocol and supports one or two CAN channel. Using this module will enable PC to connect to CAN-bus network via USB bus, forming the CAN-bus network control nodes for the data processing and data collection for the CAN-bus networks such as bus laboratory, industrial control, intelligent residential zone, auto electronics network, and etc.

CAN Bus to Ethernet gateway comes with an electrical isolation module, which could be used to avoid the damage caused by the ground loop and enhance the system reliability when working under a tough environment.

CAN Bus to Ethernet gateway  can  use  our  Tester  software provided  by us  to  directly finish  CAN  Bus message sending, and receiving.

1.2 Parameters

Application as Ethernet based interface to the CAN bus Microcontroller STR912FAW44X6(ARM7 Based) Ethernet 10M/100M

Baud rates up to 1MB & 5000 frames.

CAN 2.0A (11-bit ID standard frames) and 2.0B (29-bit ID extended frames) Config software available through the Ethernet interface.

Comply with ISO-11898.

Examples of Visual C++, C++Builder are available;

Operating temperature: -30 to +70

Physical size: (length) 100mm * (width) 70mm * (height) 25mm. Powered by DC 24V DC

Can Bus port number: 1 or 2

1.3 Typical applications

CAN-bus network diagnosis and test

Auto electronic applications

Electric power communication network

Industrial control devices

High-speed and large data communications

Ordering Information:

CAN to RS-232/485 MB Converter(Supports SAE J1939 & Modbus RTU)(B-UT-2505)

Description:

• The Rs-232/485 to CAN Bus Converter utilizes automatic bidirectional switching requiring no control signal.

• Support Can Bus 2.0A/B,Modbus RTU,SAE J1939 protocol complying with ISO/DIS 11898 specification;
• High efficiency, power & signal double isolated product. It can convert RS-232/S-485 system fit with CAN Bus system. Then we can use CAN realize RS-232/485 signal to further transmission. 
  
  Can set the RS-232/485 and CAN Bus baud rate and communication format by software
• Integrated one-way CAN-bus communication interface, supporting user-defined communication baud rate;
• Integrated one-way 3-wire RS-232 communication interface, and communication rate could be set within the range of 1200~115200bps;
• Supports three data conversion modes: transparent conversion, transparent conversion with mark, and Modbus protocol conversion;
• Operating temperature: -40℃ ～ +85℃.